How to minimize this annoying complication

Lymphedema is hard to pronounce and harder to spell. But its meaning is quite simple, and it’s a very real problem for some people with cancer. Edema simply means swelling, and lymphedema is swelling caused by a failure to drain lymphatic fluid. Some people develop this type of swelling due to skin and tissue infections, or due to an inherited problem with the lymphatic system itself. But in the UK the main cause is cancer or its treatment.

The lymphatic system is made up of tubes called lymph vessels and glands called lymph nodes. They provide a one-way drainage system through which fluid is removed from the tissues and returned to the bloodstream. Lymph is the name for this colorless fluid, which carries proteins, microbes, and unwanted particles that filter through the lymph nodes on their way to the bloodstream. Groups of lymph nodes are found in the neck, armpits, and groin.

Any tumor or treatment in a node area can obstruct lymphatic flow. For example, breast cancer can lead to lymphedema in the arm on the same side, while an excision of lymph nodes in the groin for skin cancer can lead to lymphedema in the leg. The protein-rich swelling that develops in lymphedema can cause the skin to become dry and thick and the arm or leg to feel heavy and uncomfortable.

Although lymphedema cannot be cured, much can be done to reduce and control the problems it causes. And now there are specialized clinics in many areas to help patients manage the condition on their own. For those at risk of developing lymphedema due to the nature of their cancer or its treatment, there are some precautions you can take to prevent it or minimize its effects:

* Avoid pricking or rubbing the skin on the same side of your treatment. Insect bites, garden injuries, and even nail biting can damage the skin and allow infection to enter;* If possible, do not offer the affected limb for injections, blood samples, or blood pressure checks;

* Avoid holding the limb in one position, such as when carrying a bag or cramped in the back of a car;

* Get regular, gentle exercise, but avoid excessive or strenuous exertion.

The first signs of lymphedema may be a mild, tender swelling in one part of the body, usually an arm or leg. The swelling can be intermittent and accompanied by feelings of discomfort, tightness or tingling. If you suspect lymphedema, seek early medical attention.