Technology

How are components attached to smt assembly?

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components attached to smt assembly

In Surface Mount Technology (SMT) assembly, components are attached to printed circuit boards (PCBs) using various techniques and processes to create reliable electrical connections. These methods enable the efficient and precise placement of components, contributing to the miniaturization, performance, and reliability of electronic devices. Let’s explore how components are attached to SMT assemblies:

Reflow soldering is the most common method used to attach surface-mount components to PCBs in smt assembly. In this process, solder paste—a mixture of flux and solder particles—is applied to the pads on the PCB using stencil printing or jet dispensing. The components are then placed onto the solder paste-covered pads using automated pick-and-place machines. During the reflow process, the entire assembly is subjected to controlled heating in a reflow oven. The solder paste reflows, creating strong metallurgical bonds between the component leads or terminations and the PCB pads. Once cooled, the solder solidifies, securing the components in place and forming electrical connections.

Wave soldering is primarily used for through-hole components but can also be employed for certain SMT components that cannot withstand the high temperatures of reflow soldering. In this process, the PCB is passed over a wave of molten solder, which wets the exposed metal surfaces of component leads and PCB pads. The surface tension of the solder forms reliable solder joints between the components and the PCB. While wave soldering is less commonly used for SMT components due to the risk of thermal damage, selective wave soldering machines can precisely target specific areas of the assembly, allowing for the attachment of SMT components in a wave soldering process.

How are components attached to smt assembly?

Selective soldering is a specialized soldering process used to attach through-hole components or specific areas of SMT assemblies that cannot be soldered using reflow or wave soldering techniques. In this process, a robotic soldering machine selectively applies solder to designated solder joints on the PCB. The soldering nozzle is precisely controlled to deliver the correct amount of solder to each joint, ensuring consistent and reliable connections. Selective soldering is particularly useful for assemblies with mixed technologies or components located in close proximity to sensitive areas that require localized heating.

In addition to soldering, adhesive bonding is sometimes used to attach SMT components to PCBs, especially in applications requiring additional mechanical stability or vibration resistance. Conductive adhesives containing metallic particles are applied to the component leads or terminations and the corresponding pads on the PCB. Once cured, the adhesive forms a strong bond between the component and the PCB, providing both mechanical support and electrical conductivity. Adhesive bonding is often employed in conjunction with soldering to enhance the overall reliability of the assembly.

In rare cases, SMT components may be mechanically fastened to PCBs using screws, clips, or other fasteners. This approach is typically reserved for components that require frequent replacement or servicing, such as connectors or modules with modular designs. Mechanical fastening provides a secure attachment method that allows for easy removal and replacement of components without the need for soldering or adhesive bonding.

In conclusion, the attachment of components to SMT assemblies involves a combination of soldering, adhesive bonding, and mechanical fastening techniques, depending on the specific requirements of the application and the type of components being used. By employing these methods judiciously and ensuring proper process control, manufacturers can achieve reliable and robust electrical connections in SMT assemblies, contributing to the overall performance and longevity of electronic devices.

Technology

Choosing a PCB Quick Turn Manufacturer

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PCB Quick Turn Manufacturer

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) connect all the components that make your electronic devices functional. The speed of PCB production can be crucial for technology companies looking to get their products into the market before competitors. However, it is important to balance speed with quality when choosing a PCB quick turn manufacturer.

It is a common misconception that PCB quick turn can only be used for basic two-layer circuit boards with standard components. While this may be true for basic designs, quick-turn manufacturing can also accommodate more advanced projects with higher layer counts, buried layers, complex circuitry, and even flex-cables. This makes it possible for a business to use PCB prototyping to test out new ideas and optimize their designs for large-scale production.

One of the most critical factors when choosing a pcb quick turn manufacturer is the location of the fabrication facility. The closer the manufacturer is to your company, the faster your prototypes can be delivered. The next step is to ensure that the CM can handle your project’s specific needs. This includes determining the best substrate material and establishing if your design will be manufactured using surface mount or through-hole technology. It is also a good idea to discuss any specific assembly requirements with the manufacturer ahead of time so that they can provide a timely quote and get started on your project.

Choosing a PCB Quick Turn Manufacturer

Another important factor when choosing a PCB manufacturer is their experience and track record. Look for a company that has a solid history of providing high-quality, reliable PCBs on short turnaround times. Experienced manufacturers will be familiar with the challenges that may arise in the fabrication process, and will be able to work around them to meet your deadlines.

In the fast-paced world of electronics manufacturing, time is often the most critical factor. Whether you’re a startup developing the next breakthrough gadget or an established corporation upgrading existing technology, getting your printed circuit boards (PCBs) fabricated and assembled quickly can mean the difference between seizing a market opportunity and falling behind the competition. This urgency has given rise to the concept of PCB quick turn services, which have become essential for companies striving to maintain their competitive edge in today’s dynamic market.

When working with a PCB quick-turn manufacturer, it is vital to communicate your design specifications clearly. This will allow the CM to verify that your design meets all of their DFM guidelines. This will reduce rework and rejection rates, which can extend delivery timelines. It is also important to choose standard components when designing your circuit board. Using non-standard components can increase lead times and can cause delays in the production process.

Avoid these issues by communicating with your manufacturer about your design from the start and utilizing standard parts when possible. By doing this, you can be sure that your product will be ready to ship on time and that it will perform as designed. This will prevent costly redesigns that could delay your company’s production schedule and increase the overall cost of your product.

Business

Key Traits and Qualities of a Tax Recruiter

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Qualities of a Tax Recruiter

A successful tax recruiter must possess a wide variety of skills and qualities. They must be able to connect with job seekers and understand their specific needs and career goals. They also need to be able to assess a candidate’s abilities in high-pressure situations. Lastly, they should be able to offer guidance and support throughout the recruitment process. This will help them find the right candidate for their client’s needs.

A team of skilled tax professionals is vital for an organization’s financial health. However, hiring the best talent can be challenging, especially when companies are pressed for time. Rather than spending months or even years searching for candidates, they can use the services of an experienced tax recruiter to speed up the hiring process.

In addition to their experience, the best tax recruiter have connections to numerous organizations and can provide access to job openings that are not widely publicized. They can also match candidates with positions that suit their skills and interests, which helps reduce the time required to hire new employees.

Key Traits and Qualities of a Tax Recruiter

When recruiting for a tax position, it is important to look for candidates who can adapt to a fast-paced work environment. These candidates should be able to meet strict deadlines and remain calm under pressure. They should also have a strong grasp of complex tax issues and regulations. In addition, they should be able to communicate effectively and collaborate with their teammates.

A good tax recruiter will be a great listener. They can assess a candidate’s strengths and weaknesses by listening to them talk about their previous experiences in the field. They can also identify a candidate’s work ethic and motivation by asking questions about their professional development. In addition, a good recruiter will keep up with the latest changes in tax law and legislation.

While the quality of a tax recruiter’s work is important, interpersonal skills are equally as crucial. A successful recruiter must be able to build rapport with clients and provide excellent customer service. They must also be able to manage their time well, as they may be called on to handle multiple projects at once. In addition, they must be able to work under tight deadlines and budget constraints.

The head of a boutique tax firm was struggling to grow his team during the COVID-19 lockdown. He was looking for an associate tax director who could handle his demanding clients. He approached a highly regarded tax recruiter for help.

Hiring a tax recruiter can save you time and money, particularly when you are working on a tight deadline. However, it is essential to choose a recruiter who prioritizes communication and provides regular updates on the status of your search. It is also essential to select an agency that will customize their approach based on your unique requirements and preferences. Otherwise, you could end up with a job that isn’t the right fit for you.

Technology

Key Components of a Flex PCB Board

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omponents of a Flex PCB Board

The key components of a flex PCB board include the base substrate, copper foil, dielectric coverlay and conductive paths. Flex PCBs are used to connect and power a wide variety of devices from wearable fitness trackers that monitor heart rate and calories burned, to high-tech drones and automobile dashboard systems that use dozens of sensors and microprocessors to perform everything from climate control to GPS navigation. They can be made in a range of sizes and shapes that integrate form, fit and function into the final product.

Unlike rigid PCBs, flex circuits are built on a flexible base substrate that can withstand bending and stretching without damaging the copper layer or the conductors. The most common flex substrate is polyimide, also known as Kapton. It is processed through lamination and curing to provide the mechanical strength and flexibility needed by a flex circuit. Other flex substrate materials are polyester (PET) and glass fiber-based epoxy. In a multi-layered flex pcb board, the base substrate is called a flexible copper-clad laminate (FCCL).

The core component of an FCCL is a patterned layer of ultrathin rolled annealed copper foil. The patterned copper layer is laminated to a dielectric or insulator. The most common insulator is polyimide film, but a variety of other films including PET, epoxy and glass fiber can be used. In addition to insulating the copper, the film can also insulate the conductive traces from corrosion and damage.

Key Components of a Flex PCB Board

These insulating films are typically coated with a solderable surface finish. Typical finishes include electroless nickel with silver, gold and organic palladium immersion gold. These coatings prevent the copper from oxidizing, make it easier to solder, and protect it from environmental damage.

While flex circuits offer many advantages over rigid PCBs, they are not without limitations. These challenges can be overcome with good design and manufacturing practices.

For example, a flex circuit should be designed with the maximum number of conductors possible within a given area. The layout should also be engineered to limit stress points in the flex area, such as vias and slits. Conductors should be routed perpendicular to the bend radius, rather than zigzagging around it. This will minimize stress points that can cause traces to break, as well as improve impedance and control in the flex area.

In addition, the conductive paths should be carefully spaced. Stacking conductive paths near each other creates points of stress that can lead to failure and reduce the overall life of the circuit. Conductors should also be oriented to the expected flexing direction to avoid damage or shorting during assembly and use. Finally, the edges of the traces should be rounded to increase tear resistance and improve aesthetics. PCBWay’s detailed calculator is a great tool to help you optimize your design. It can show you how much your flex PCB will cost and how it can be improved. To get started, click here.

Technology

Can flex PCBs be bent or twisted?

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lex PCBs be bent or twisted

Unlike rigid PCBs that have a core with a copper surface and several layers, flex circuits have a flexible substrate made of polyester or polyimide material-films that are only 12 to 120 microns thick. Conductive material traces are then etched on the substrate and bonded with acrylic or epoxy adhesives optimized for flex circuits to prevent cracking during dynamic bending. The flexible circuit is then surrounded by a coverlay or solder mask layer that protects the thin copper from moisture and dirt. Optional stiffeners are also available that can be attached to specific areas of the flex to reduce strain, weight, and abrasion.

The smallest possible bend radius is important for a flex circuit to ensure that the copper doesn’t break. This radius is determined by the type of flex circuit: static or dynamic. Static flex circuits are designed to be bent only once, while dynamic flex circuits undergo repeated bending and twisting. When determining the minimum bend radius, consider the thickness of the PCB, the number of layers, and the flex circuit’s intended use.

To help prevent traces from breaking during bending, a designer must plan the layout of the flex circuit. For example, the bending axis should be located in the middle of the flex circuit to minimize stress and cracking at the corners of the flex pcb. Conductors should be staggered to avoid I-beaming. A plated through hole (PTH) must have at least 8 mils of clearance from the copper to prevent peeling. In addition, the shortest traces should be routed near the rigid-flex/flex interface to help reduce stresses.

Can flex PCBs be bent or twisted?

Other design considerations include the type of etching process, the layer count, and the thickness of the PCB. For instance, a thicker PCB with a larger bending radius will require a higher tolerance for flexing.

In addition, a designer must choose the type of adhesive and stiffener that will be used. There are many different types of flex adhesives available, including acrylic, epoxy, and pressure-sensitive. Stiffeners are also available in various materials, such as aluminum or FR4, to relieve strain and balance the flex circuit’s weight and heat dissipation.

It is recommended that the flex PCB be layered no more than three times, since high layers increase the thickness of the circuit. Additionally, designers should plan for a maximum of 30 degrees of bending, as more intense bends can damage the flex circuit. It is also essential to choose a flex material with the proper bend ratio, which is calculated by dividing the bend radius by the PCB’s overall thickness.

Business

Does Jerky of the Month Club Offer Discounts For Bulk Orders?

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Does Jerky of the Month Club Offer Discounts For Bulk Orders?

Give the gift of Jerky. A delicious, healthy snack that is always ready.

Choose from 3, 6, and 12-month clubs plus a one-time prepaid subscription option. Start with two bags of premium artisan beef jerky shipped monthly and upgrade to more as your needs change. Personalize with a free gift note at checkout.

Discounts

If you’re interested in purchasing jerky for an event, or want to stock up for your own home, we offer bulk discounts. These are available on all of our products, including our monthly subscriptions. Just select a subscription size that is right for you and we will take care of the rest.

jerky of the month club offers flexible subscription options that allow you to customize the frequency of your deliveries. You can choose from 2, 3, 6, and 12-month clubs as well as a seasonally inspired selection each spring, summer, fall, and winter.

You can also give our subscriptions as gifts! When you check out, you’ll have the option to include a personalized gift note. This is a great way to let your recipient know exactly who sent them this amazing snack treat. Plus, every shipment they receive will remind them of how much you care about them! This is the gift that keeps on giving.

Customization

Jerky lovers can choose a subscription that best fits their snacking needs and lifestyle. Many of these companies offer a wide range of options, including keto and gluten-free friendly jerky for those with dietary restrictions, exotic jerky for the adventurous, gourmet jerky for the sophisticated, alcohol jerky for socialites, and much more.

These subscriptions also give consumers the opportunity to support small-town artisan jerky makers who put their hearts and souls into their craft. They create flavors that you won’t find at your local supermarket, and their products tell a story of tradition, artistry, and patriotism.

Whether you’re looking for a fun way to treat yourself or a unique gift idea for the jerky lover in your life, a subscription to a beef jerky of the month club is the perfect solution. They come in a variety of sizes and include an assortment of mouthwatering artisan jerky that will elevate your snacking experience. Plus, these boxes make great gifts for holiday celebrations like Valentine’s Day and Easter.

Shipping

With our 3, 6, and 12-month clubs plus a one-time jerky gift box, you can build the perfect snack subscription to fit your needs. Whether you want to sample new flavors from small-town artisans or fill your freezer for the year, we’ve got the right option for your lifestyle and budget.

We offer a variety of artisan beef jerky subscriptions to choose from, starting at two bags delivered monthly and going up to eight bags mailed bi-monthly. Depending on your preferences, you can adjust your shipment to include more or less jerky or even swap out your flavor and spice options by logging into your account.

JerkyGent offers free SurePost shipping on all monthly subscription orders and one-time orders of $35 or more in the contiguous United States. Please note, that shipments to Alaska and Hawaii are not eligible for free shipping.

FAQ

Jerky is a healthy and protein-rich snack. Plus, it’s a great way to try new flavors from artisan jerky makers across America.

Whether you are a seasoned jerky veteran or just looking to switch up your snacks, you’ll love the wide range of options available through jerky of the month club. Choose your preferred box size and delivery frequency, or give a one-time prepaid subscription for 1, 3, 6 or 12 months.

A Gift That Keeps On Giving

A jerky subscription is the perfect gift for anyone who loves to munch on protein-rich jerky. Each shipment is sure to delight them long after opening day! During checkout, you can also add a personalized gift note to let them know who sent them this wonderful treat.

Gaming

The History of Satta Matka

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History of Satta Matka

Satta Matka, or satta gambling, is a popular form of Indian wagering. It is illegal to play this game, however, some people continue to do so in the shadows. The history of this game is complex and varied, as it has been shaped by the social environment and cultural norms that surround it. Whether or not the game will continue to thrive depends on the delicate balance of tradition and modernity, chance and strategy that defines its essence.

While satta matka is not an officially sanctioned activity, it has gained popularity over the years, especially in areas where textile mills once thrived. Its popularity is also due to the fact that it allows players to win a significant amount of money. Unlike other forms of betting, this game is not dependent on the luck of the draw and is instead based on mathematic calculations. As such, it is a good option for those who want to try their luck at winning big money without spending much time or energy.

The first step in playing the kalyan matka is to visit a reputable online site. This will help you avoid scams and ensure that you’re using a legitimate gaming app. In addition, it’s important to choose a website that has a proven track record of customer support and secure payment systems. Moreover, make sure that you’re playing on a mobile-friendly website so that you can enjoy the best possible experience.

The History of Satta Matka

Besides its religious roots, the Polish Mother has become a symbol of feminine domesticity and patriotic nationalism. She embodies the Barthesian notion of myth, which posits that certain artifacts become naturalized by their association with a culture’s idealized images. The Polish Mother is no exception; she has been reimagined to fit the needs of a particular society. For instance, she is portrayed as the “mother of Poland” in commercials for laundry detergent or movies depicting her suffering for her country (Koscianska 173).

The satta matka story starts in the 1950s, when people began making bets on the opening and closing rates of cotton that were transmitted from the Bombay Cotton Exchange via teleprinters. This practice eventually gave rise to the satta matka gambling phenomenon, which is still being played today. Originally, numbers from 0-9 were written on pieces of paper and put into a matka, or large earthen pitcher.

One person would then draw the chit and declare the winner. The person who won a lot of money from this satta gambling was known as the Matka King. Nowadays, three numbers are drawn from a pack of cards. Despite being banned in India, the game continues to thrive and be played in many parts of the world. It is important to remember that satta gambling is a risky venture, so you should never bet more than you can afford to lose. However, you can minimize your chances of losing by playing with a trusted partner. In addition, it’s recommended that you always play within the legal limits of your state.

Arts Entertainments

Alternative Uses For a Flower Wall

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Uses For a Flower Wall

Flower walls are a beautiful way to draw attention and make a statement, whether they’re constructed with real or artificial flowers. These floral backdrops are often seen at weddings, product launches, high-profile events, and in corporate spaces. However, they can be used for a variety of purposes beyond just creating an eye-catching visual effect.

For instance, photographers, hair and makeup artists, and content creators can utilize flower walls as a stylish photo booth or backdrop for their professional work. They’re also a great way to create Instagram-worthy images that are both visually appealing and capture the best of a person or event’s look. Another use for a flower wall is to accent an entrance or create an elegant seating area in hotels and hospitality venues. These gorgeous floral installations add an air of elegance and sophistication to any space, making them a great way to welcome guests and leave a lasting impression.

If you’re looking for a way to bring your flowers wall to a whole new level, try adding a custom branded message on Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) or plexiglass. A custom flower wall can incorporate everything from logos to slogans and last names, letting you add a personal touch that will surely stand out and make your flower walls even more memorable.

Alternative Uses For a Flower Wall

A flower wall isn’t just for events, either — it can also be used as decor in your home. These floral backdrops are a great way to add color and texture to any room, from the living room to the bedroom, and they’re especially useful for decorating a blank or bare wall. They’re easy to install and provide a beautiful accent that will instantly catch the eye of any visitor.

Creating your own DIY flower wall is an easy and fun project for any homeowner or renter. You’ll need only two supplies – a flower wall kit and some kind of adhesive that won’t damage your walls. Using fake or real flowers, simply adhere the flowers to the wall in a pattern that pleases you. You can even create your own frame out of ivy garlands or other greenery to get the most modern look.

For couples planning their dream wedding, a flower wall is an essential component to any venue. To keep things feeling fresh and romantic, choose a mix of flowers like hydrangeas, roses, and tulips in pastel hues. If you’re more interested in a modern aesthetic, opt for a flower wall that includes plenty of ivy and fairy lights.

If you’re ready to add a flower wall to your event or décor, contact Kaylen at Day of Rentals for more information. She’s currently taking bookings for 2023 and has limited availability for 2024. She can’t wait to work with you! She also offers full wedding planning services through her company, Sara Judith Events.

Legal Law

Severance Pay – A Employers Guide to Payments & Policy

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Severance Pay – A Employers Guide

The news is full of stories about companies laying off employees, and many Americans are nervous about losing their own jobs. But if you’re one of the lucky few who finds out in advance that your company is making layoffs, you may be offered a severance package that can help ease the transition to a new job and defray any financial hardship. The average severance pay ranges from one to four weeks of pay for every year worked, according to 2021 data from talent mobility services provider Randstad RiseSmart.

But the amount of severance pay can vary widely, depending on how generous your employer is, what type of position you hold and whether or not you negotiate. For example, those ranked higher in the hierarchy, such as middle managers and executives, tend to receive more than frontline workers. In addition, if your company is having financial trouble or faces potential legal challenges, it might be more willing to offer a larger severance pay package in order to maintain its reputation and avoid negative publicity.

If you are offered a severance package, read it carefully to make sure there aren’t any clauses that will restrict your employment opportunities in the future. Severance packages can contain non-compete clauses that prevent you from working in your industry for a set period of time, or non-disclosure clauses that require you to keep secret any information about the company that might negatively affect its reputation and business. These types of restrictions are common and are designed to protect the interests of the company in case you decide to sue for wrongful termination or another reason.

Severance Pay – A Employers Guide to Payments & Policy

Some companies follow a “take it or leave it” approach when offering severance packages, and they won’t let you negotiate the terms. But if you’re confident that you can bargain with your employer for a larger payout, it’s worth the effort. You might also try to get the company to pay for outplacement services or references that will help you find a new job.

Remember that any severance pay calculator is subject to income taxes, so you’ll need to calculate the tax impact of your package before accepting the offer. A lump sum could put you in a higher income tax bracket, so consider asking your employer to spread the payments out over two years to reduce the hit. Severance pay represents a critical aspect of the employment relationship, reflecting the organization’s commitment to treating departing employees with dignity, respect, and fairness.

By adhering to legal requirements, communicating transparently, ensuring equitable treatment, and providing supportive transition services, employers can navigate the complexities of severance pay with professionalism and empathy. Ultimately, a well-executed severance strategy not only benefits departing employees but also strengthens the employer’s reputation and fosters a positive organizational culture.

Technology

How to Find Refurbished Laptops With HDMI Ports

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Refurbished Laptops With HDMI Ports

The easiest way to connect a laptop computer to a TV is with an HDMI cable. This port is usually located on the side of the laptop, near the power cord. It looks like a slightly thinner version of the USB port you may use for flash drives or printers. HDMI cables are inexpensive and readily available.

The HDMI ports on most laptops provide both video and audio outputs. This means that you can send a signal to an external monitor, TV or projector. You can also use an HDMI-to-VGA adapter to convert the port to a VGA input. However, the opposite is not possible, as HDMI and other inputs require different signal voltages.

Laptops that have HDMI ports are becoming more common. This makes it easier for people to add a second screen for greater productivity and multitasking. However, not all laptops have HDMI ports, especially older models. This is one of the reasons that it is beneficial to consider purchasing a refurbished laptop.

How to Find Refurbished Laptops With HDMI Ports

When buying a refurbished laptop, you can find deals that are up to 70% less than the price of a new one. This is a great option for anyone who wants to get the most bang for their buck, while still getting a reliable and functional piece of technology.

Among the best refurbished laptops for business are ones that offer an Intel Core processor and Windows operating system. For example, this HP refurbished laptop has a 15.6-inch micro-edge display that is touch-screen capable. Its Intel Core i3-1125G4 processor provides speed, while its 256GB PCle NVMe M.2 solid state drive ensures plenty of storage space. Its Wi-Fi 6 technology helps you to stay connected, and its Intel HD 520 graphics coprocessor ensures crisp and clear images.

While there are many reasons that your laptop might not be connecting to a television via HDMI, the most common reason is that the cable is defective. This is particularly true if the connectors are worn or damaged, or the cord has been stretched or pinched. If this is the case, you should try another HDMI cable to see if it works.

Refurbished laptops with HDMI ports offer a cost-effective solution for individuals seeking both affordability and connectivity. These devices undergo rigorous testing and refurbishment processes, ensuring they meet quality standards despite being pre-owned. The inclusion of HDMI ports enables seamless connection to external displays, monitors, or projectors, enhancing versatility for work, entertainment, or presentations. With advancements in technology, refurbished laptops often boast competitive specifications, ranging from adequate processing power to sufficient storage capacity.

You should also check your laptop’s settings to make sure that the HDMI is set up correctly. This is done by pressing the Windows logo key and the P key simultaneously. You should then choose your desired settings from the options of PC screen only, duplicate, or extend. If the settings are correct, but your laptop is not showing any images on the television, you should contact a repair technician for further troubleshooting.